HZ.\nMUHAMMED <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Arap toplumunun Adnaniler kavmi, Kurey\u015f\nkabilesi, Ha\u015fimo\u011fullar\u0131 ailesine mensup. Adnaniler de \u0130brahim peygamberin b\u00fcy\u00fck\no\u011flu \u0130smail peygambere dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Do\u011fumu 20 Nisan 571 (569 veya 570\ny\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fdu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyenler de var). Hamidullah 17 Haziran 569 oldu\u011funu\nbelirtir. Babas\u0131 (Abdullah) do\u011fmadan \u00f6nce vefat etti. Geleneksel olarak d\u00f6rt\ny\u0131l s\u00fctannede (Halime) kald\u0131. Sonraki iki y\u0131l annesi (Amine) ile beraberdi.\nAnnesinin vefat\u0131ndan sonra dedesinin (Abd\u00fclmuttalip) himayesinde iki y\u0131l, onun\nvefat\u0131ndan sonra amcas\u0131n\u0131n (Ebu Talip) himayesinde on yedi y\u0131l ge\u00e7irdi. Bu\nzaman zarf\u0131nda \u00e7obanl\u0131k yapt\u0131, ticareti \u00f6\u011frendi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yirmi be\u015f ya\u015f\u0131nda o zamanlar k\u0131rk ya\u015f\u0131nda olan (Hamidullah 28 ya\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu\ns\u00f6yler) Hz. Hatice’nin kervan sorumlusu oldu. Ard\u0131ndan evlendiler. Evlilikleri\ns\u00fcresince alt\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 oldu, Hz. Fatma hari\u00e7 di\u011fer \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 hayatta iken\nkaybetti. Hz. Hatice’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 evliliklerden bir \u00e7ocu\u011fu daha\nolmu\u015f ancak o da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta vefat etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen sorgulayan yap\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle\nzaman zaman rahats\u0131z edilmeden yaln\u0131z kalabilece\u011fi, \u015fehre hakim bir da\u011f\u0131n\nyamac\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ma\u011faraya \u00e7ekiliyordu. 610 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u0131rk ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011finde\nmesaj bu ma\u011farada gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 aral\u0131klarla yirmi \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l devam\netti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kendisine ilk inananlar e\u015fi Hz. Hatice,\nyard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Zeyd bin Harise, amca o\u011flu Hz. Ali, ve Mekke t\u00fcccarlar\u0131ndan Hz. Ebu\nBekir oldu. Kendisine inanmayan Mekke’liler d\u00een\u00ee \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in\nellerinden gelen her \u00e7abay\u0131 g\u00f6sterdiler. 619 y\u0131l\u0131nda kendisini himaye eden\namcas\u0131 Ebu Talip vefat ettikten sonra kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 bask\u0131 ve \u015fiddeti artt\u0131rd\u0131lar.\n620 y\u0131l\u0131nda kar\u0131s\u0131 Hz. Hatice vefat etti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130nananlar artan bask\u0131lar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda\nyava\u015f yava\u015f Mekke’den g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Kendisine \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131\n\u00e7\u0131kanlar suikast d\u00fczenledi, ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6d\u00fcl koydu. 622 y\u0131l\u0131nda daha \u00f6nce yapm\u0131\u015f\noldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler ve anla\u015fmalar ba\u011flam\u0131nda Hz. Ebu Bekir ile zor ve tehlikeli\nbir yolculu\u011fun ard\u0131ndan Medine’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler. Medine’ye hicrete kadar y\u00fcz\nyirmi kadar ki\u015finin bug\u00fcn Etiyopya ad\u0131n\u0131 alan Habe\u015fistan’a iki seferde g\u00f6\u00e7\netti\u011fi, Medine’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 eden doksan kadar Mekke’li ailenin de Medine’li ailelerle\nkarde\u015f ilan edilerek himaye alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00e2z\u0131 kaynaklarda ge\u00e7mekte, ancak\nnet bir say\u0131ya rastlanmamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Medine’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 edildikten sonra\nkurumsalla\u015fma-devletle\u015fme faaliyetlerinin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7evre kabile ve\ndevletlerle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Yine bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te Hz. Muhammed’in\nkat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sekiz kadar askeri ve siyasi ama\u00e7l\u0131 harekat yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bunlar\u0131n b\u00e2z\u0131lar\u0131nda\nhi\u00e7 can kayb\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Peygamberli\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda vahyedilen her \u00e2yeti\nbellemi\u015f, yan\u0131ndakilere belletmi\u015f ve not ald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, a\u00e7\u0131klamalar (hadis) yapm\u0131\u015f,\nbizzat uygulayarak (s\u00fcnnet) \u00f6rnek olmu\u015ftur. 8 Haziran 632 tarihinde altm\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\nya\u015f\u0131nda (altm\u0131\u015f bir, altm\u0131\u015f iki olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyenlerde vard\u0131r) vefat\netmi\u015f, ertesi g\u00fcn vefat etti\u011fi yerde defnedilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Konuyla ilgili bir\u00e7ok yay\u0131n vard\u0131r, yararland\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131zdan b\u00e2z\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n isimlerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
~<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Baz\u0131\nayetler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Ey\nMuhammed, biz seni ancak \u00e2lemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderdik.” (Taberi,\n21\/107)<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Biz\nseni ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara bir m\u00fcjdeci ve bir uyar\u0131c\u0131 olarak g\u00f6nderdik.” (Elmal\u0131l\u0131,\n34\/28)<\/p>\n\n\n\n “(Ey Muhammed!) De ki: “Ey insanlar! \u015e\u00fcphesiz ben, yer ve g\u00f6klerin h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131\nkendisine ait olan Allah’\u0131n hepinize g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi peygamberiyim. O’ndan ba\u015fka\nhi\u00e7bir il\u00e2h yoktur. O, diriltir ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. O halde Allah’a ve O’nun s\u00f6zlerine\ninanan Res\u00fbl\u00fcne, O \u00fcmm\u00ee peygambere iman edin ve ona uyun ki do\u011fru yolu\nbulas\u0131n\u0131z.” (Diyanet Tefsiri, 7\/158)<\/p>\n\n\n\n ~<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n “Ist\u0131lahta\n(terminolojide)<\/em>\n\u00fcmm\u00ee, kit\u00e2b\u00ee bilgilerle zihni doldurulmam\u0131\u015f, do\u011fal hali \u00fczerine kalm\u0131\u015f, okuyup\nyazarak tahsil g\u00f6rmemi\u015f kimseye denir…” (Diyanet D\u00een\u00ee Kavramlar S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc,\n\u00fcmmi maddesinden) <\/p>\n\n\n\n “Ehli\nKitab terimi, Kur’an \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemden itibaren Hicaz b\u00f6lgesi Araplar\u0131nca, dinsel\n\u00f6\u011fretileri aras\u0131nda kitap gelene\u011fine yer veren Yahudiler ve H\u0131ristiyanlar i\u00e7in\nbir isim olarak kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Bu do\u011frultuda Yahudi veya H\u0131ristiyan olmayan\nAraplar i\u00e7in ise \u00dcmmiler (kitap gelene\u011fine sahip olmayanlar) genel ad\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.”\n(Mehmet Ayd\u0131n, Ansiklopedik Dinler S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ehli Kitap maddesi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tart\u0131\u015fma \n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hz. Muhammed, hayat\u0131, taraftarlar\u0131 ve\nkar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan en ince detay\u0131na kadar incelenmi\u015f, adeta didik didik\nedilmi\u015f \u015fahsiyetlerden biri belki de ilk s\u0131rada olan\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131,\ns\u00f6zleri ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Hz. Muhammed’in hayat\u0131 incelenirken;\nher insan gibi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu\u011fu, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda normal kar\u015f\u0131lanan b\u00e2z\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcn\u00fcn alg\u0131 ve\nde\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re de\u011fil o g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fartlar\u0131 ve gelenekleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde\nbulundurularak de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00e2z\u0131 e\u015flerinin isteklerine ra\u011fmen hi\u00e7\nbir zaman g\u00f6steri\u015f, bolluk, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re konfor i\u00e7inde ya\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131, her zaman m\u00fctevaz\u0131,\npayla\u015f\u0131mc\u0131, insanlara ve fikirlerine sayg\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu literat\u00fcrde\nbelirtilmektedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcm el\u00e7iler gibi Hz. Muhammed’te\ngetirdi\u011fi mesaj\u0131 en iyi en do\u011fru anlayan ki\u015fidir. “O sadece mesaj\u0131\ngetirmekle g\u00f6revliydi” deyip Kur’an’\u0131n ilk tefsiri olan hadislerini, uygulamas\u0131\nolan s\u00fcnnetini \u00f6nemsizle\u015ftirmek ne kadar yanl\u0131\u015fsa, bunlar\u0131 Kur’an’a denk tutmak\nya da \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karmak ta o kadar yanl\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sebeple, s\u00f6ylediklerini\nve yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 dikkatle ele almam\u0131z de\u011ferlendirmemiz \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n ~<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n “Ey\nMuhammed, sen hat\u0131rlat. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sen ancak bir hat\u0131rlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n.” (Taberi,\n88\/21)<\/p>\n\n\n\n “E\u011fer\nRabbin dileseydi, yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki insanlar\u0131n hepsi iman ederdi. \u00d6yleyse sen mi\ninsanlar\u0131 m\u00fcmin olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in zorlayacaks\u0131n? (Kesir, 10\/99)<\/p>\n\n\n\n “Ey\nMuhammed, e\u011fer rabbin dilemi\u015f olsayd\u0131 yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar, ister\nistemez iman etmi\u015f olurlard\u0131. Fakat rabbin, hikmetinin gere\u011fi, herkesi iman\nedip etmemekte, kendi iradesiyle ba\u015f ba\u015fa b\u0131rakt\u0131. O halde sen onlar\u0131 zorla\niman ettiremezsin. Senin vazifen sadece tebli\u011f etmektir.” (Taberi 10\/99\ntefsirinden)<\/p>\n\n\n\n ~<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kur’an’da yukar\u0131da ge\u00e7en \u00e2yetler gibi\nHz. Muhammed’in insanlar\u0131 inanmaya, iman etmeye zorlamamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine i\u015faret\neden ba\u015fka \u00e2yetlerde vard\u0131r. \u00d6yleyse hi\u00e7 kimse iman etme konusunda\nzorlanmamal\u0131, imkan bulundu\u011funda, hitap edilen ki\u015fi veya kesimin sosyoekonomik,\nsosyok\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve kabul edilebilir bir lisanla, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn\nolan en g\u00fczel \u015fekilde anlat\u0131lmal\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradeleriyle verdikleri karara sayg\u0131\ng\u00f6sterilmelidir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n “…Resulullah,\nsizin i\u00e7in, Allah’a ve ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcne kavu\u015fmay\u0131 umanlar ve Allah’\u0131 \u00e7ok\nzikredenler i\u00e7in g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnektir.” (Diyanet Vakf\u0131 Meali, 33\/21) <\/p>\n\n\n\n (Diyanet Tefsiri), Prof. Dr. Hayrettin Karaman, Prof. Dr. Mustafa \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131c\u0131, Prof. Dr. \u0130brahim Kafi D\u00f6nmez, Prof. Dr. Sadrettin G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 Kuran Yolu T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Meal ve Tefsir, Ankara 2003 <\/p>\n\n\n\n (Diyanet), D\u00een\u00ee Kavramlar S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri\nBa\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 2006 <\/p>\n\n\n\n (Mehmet\nAyd\u0131n), Prof. Mehmet Ayd\u0131n, Ansiklopedik Dinler S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, N\u00fcve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi\n2005<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Taberi), Ebu Cafer Muhammed b. Cerir et-Taberi,\nTaberi Tefsiri\/ Hisar Yay\u0131nevi<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Elmal\u0131l\u0131), Elmal\u0131l\u0131 M. Hamdi Yaz\u0131r, Hak D\u00eeni Kur\u2019an\nDili Sadele\u015ftirenler; Prof. Dr. \u0130smail Kara\u00e7am, Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. Emin I\u015f\u0131k, Yrd.\nDo\u00e7. Dr. Nusrettin Bolelli, Abdullah Y\u00fccel 2011 (Tefsir) <\/p>\n\n\n\n (Kesir), \u0130bn Kesir, Hadislerle Kur’an’\u0131 Kerim Tefsiri, \u00c7eviren Prof. Dr. Bekir Karl\u0131\u011fa, Prof. Dr. Bedriddin \u00c7etiner, \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Diyanet Vakf\u0131 Meali), Prof. Dr. Hayrettin Karaman,\u00a0 Prof. Dr. Ali \u00d6zek,\u00a0 Prof. Dr. \u0130brahim Kafi D\u00f6nmez, Prof. Dr. Mustafa \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131c\u0131,\u00a0 Prof. Dr. Sadrettin G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f,\u00a0 Do\u00e7. Dr. Ali Turgut, T\u00fcrkiye Diyanet Vakf\u0131 Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim Meali <\/p>\n\n\n\n (TDK), T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu, B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hatem\u00fc’l\nEnbiya Hz. Muhammed ve Hayat\u0131, A. Himmet Berki, Osman Keskino\u011flu Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri\nBa\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 2010Muhammed Hamidullah, Hz. Peygamberin Sava\u015flar\u0131, Ya\u011fmur\nYay\u0131nlar\u0131 <\/p>\n\n\n\n Kainat\u0131n\nEfendisi Peygamberimizin Hayat\u0131, Salih Suru\u00e7, Nesil Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 Nisan 2007<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hz.\nMuhammed’in Hayat\u0131 MEB Orta \u00d6\u011fretim Ders Kitab\u0131 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n Siyer-i\nNeb\u00ee, Osman Keskio\u011flu, Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 2006<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hz.\nMuhammed’in Aile Hayat\u0131 ve E\u015fleri, Prof. Dr. Ziya Kaz\u0131c\u0131, \u00c7aml\u0131ca Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\n2009<\/p>\n\n\n\n Muhammed\nHamidullah, Hz. Peygamberin Sava\u015flar\u0131, Ya\u011fmur Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" HZ. MUHAMMED Arap toplumunun Adnaniler kavmi, Kurey\u015f kabilesi, Ha\u015fimo\u011fullar\u0131 ailesine mensup. Adnaniler de \u0130brahim peygamberin b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu \u0130smail peygambere dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Do\u011fumu 20 Nisan 571 (569 [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-967","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dipsiznot.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/967","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dipsiznot.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dipsiznot.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dipsiznot.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dipsiznot.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=967"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/dipsiznot.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/967\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1226,"href":"https:\/\/dipsiznot.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/967\/revisions\/1226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dipsiznot.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
YARARLANILAN ESERLER<\/p>\n\n\n\n